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Temples of Ubon Ratchathani

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Ubon Ratchathani is a Lao city that became a Thai province, and its temples show the seam. The Fine Arts Department's national register carries 463 sites here: 9 registered ancient monuments, 25 registered with a delimited land boundary, 38 named in a Royal Gazette list without being registered, 86 recorded as ancient monuments without either, and 305 — two-thirds of the total — still awaiting assessment. That last number is the state saying it has not finished looking, and in this province it is unusually large.

The town was constituted in B.E. 2322 and its oldest temples are barely younger. Wat Maha Wanaram, which everyone here calls Wat Pa Yai, began as a monks' dwelling in a forest thirteen years later, and an inscription behind its principal image dates the making of Phra Chao Yai Inthaplaeng to a Sunday afternoon in April B.E. 2350 — the most precisely dated object in this guide's Ubon pages. Half a century after that, King Mongkut ordered a temple built at a landing on the Mun river, and Wat Supattanaram became the first Dhammayuttika monastery in the province. The two are the province's only royal monasteries, one on each side of the Sangha's great nineteenth-century division, a kilometre apart.

What makes the province worth reading closely is the craft. A monk from Vientiane built the scripture library at Wat Thung Si Mueang out over a pond, in a central-Thai timber frame carrying Lao carving; the ordination hall of Wat Chaeng has krachang cut as separate pieces and applied to the gable so they stand proud of it, and won the Association of Siamese Architects' first prize for conservation in B.E. 2530; the preaching throne at Wat Thung Si Wilai is Isan folk work under Lan Xang influence, with its four ridges deliberately left unindented. None of that is central-Thai and none of it is quite Lao either.

And then there is the older layer, which is Khmer and Hindu. Prasat Ban Ben in the south of the province is three brick towers on one laterite platform, built for Shaivite worship — a shivalinga pedestal came out of the excavation, along with a panel of the nine planetary deities and a lintel of Indra on Erawan. It is a prasat and not a wat, it was never Buddhist, and it is the ordinary case that the Nakhon Ratchasima pages in this guide are the exception to.

On the map

Temples in Ubon Ratchathani

6 of 6 temples in Ubon Ratchathani are plotted.

The temples

6 temples covered in Ubon Ratchathani

Wat Thung Si Mueang — a scripture library standing in a pond, and two registrations fifteen years apartวัดทุ่งศรีเมือง · Mueang Ubon RatchathaniA city temple on Thanon Luang built around two buildings the state registered separately: a timber scripture library standing in the middle of a pond, and an ordination hall known as the Ho Phra Phutthabat. Both are the work of a monk-craftsman from Vientiane, and the fusion of central-Thai form with Lao decoration is the whole point of the place.Royal class not established · Registered national ancient monumentWat Supattanaram Worawihan — a Thai roof on a European body on a Khmer base, and the first Dhammayut temple in Ubonวัดสุปัฏนารามวรวิหาร · Mueang Ubon RatchathaniThe first Dhammayuttika temple in Ubon Ratchathani, built at a landing on the Mun river on the command of King Mongkut and declared in B.E. 2396. Its ordination hall is a deliberate three-part hybrid — a Thai roof, a European middle and an ancient Khmer base — built by Chinese and Vietnamese craftsmen, and it has no windows at all.Third class royal temple, Worawihan · Registered national ancient monumentWat Maha Wanaram — Phra Chao Yai Inthaplaeng, and seven inscriptions that date him to the hourวัดมหาวนาราม (วัดป่าใหญ่) · Mueang Ubon RatchathaniThe only royal monastery of the Maha Nikaya order in Ubon Ratchathani, and the town's own temple. Its principal image, Phra Chao Yai Inthaplaeng, is dated by an inscription behind it to an afternoon in April B.E. 2350 — one of seven inscriptions here, five of them on the bases of images made at the same time.Third class royal temple, Saman · Registered national ancient monumentWat Chaeng, Ubon Ratchathani — an ordination hall that won a conservation prize, and NOT the Wat Chaeng in Chachoengsaoวัดแจ้ง · Mueang Ubon RatchathaniA city temple whose old ordination hall is the finest surviving sim of the Ubon craft school, registered on its own in 1980 and given the Association of Siamese Architects' first prize for religious-building conservation in 1987. The Indra-on-Erawan figure that crowned its gable is gone.Royal class not established · Registered national ancient monumentPrasat Ban Ben — three brick towers on one laterite platform, Shaivite, and named after a creeperปราสาทบ้านเบ็ญ (ปราสาทหนองเบ็ญ) · Det UdomA Khmer sanctuary in southern Ubon Ratchathani: three brick towers standing in a north-south line on one shared laterite platform, facing east inside a rectangular laterite wall with a single gate. It was built for Shaivite worship, not for Buddhism, and the state registered it in 1936 without drawing a boundary until 1981.Royal class not established · Registered national ancient monumentWat Thung Si Wilai — a naga-sheltered Buddha two state bodies date differently, and a boundary drawn in two piecesวัดทุ่งศรีวิไล · Khueang NaiA village temple in the rice fields of Chi Thuan built around Luang Pho Phra Phuttha Wiset, a naga-sheltered Buddha that the Tourism Authority calls Dvaravati and the Fine Arts Department calls Khmer. Its protected ground was drawn in 1997 as two separate parcels totalling two ngan and seventy square wa.Royal class not established · Registered national ancient monument
How this guide works

Where these facts come from

Every page is built from the National Office of Buddhism and Department of Religious Affairs registers, the Fine Arts Department’s national monument register and its published monographs, the Royal Gazette where it could be read, UNESCO, and the temples’ own material — with the Tourism Authority of Thailand used only for visiting practicalities, never for history. Nothing here is taken from a travel blog, a listicle or a review site.

The rule that governs every page is that recorded tradition is not history. Thai temple histories are full of foundation legends, and they are worth telling — but told as tradition, in those words, never flattened into a bare founding date. Where a date is not established, the page says so, and that sentence is the useful part.

Still to come here: Six built, and this province could carry two more runs without leaving documented ground. The clearest next six, all of them registered and all with gazette instruments already located in this run: ศาลาธรรมาสน์สิงห์ วัดศรีนวลสว่างอารมณ์ at Chi Thuan (0001942), item 1 of the same 1997 instrument as Wat Thung Si Wilai and bounded at 2 rai 45.25 square wa — the lion preaching pavilion is one of the best-known objects in the province and this guide has not touched it; the sim of วัดบ้านตำแย at Rai Noi (0001906) and วัดแก่งตอย at Tha Mueang (0002086), items 3 and 4 of that same instrument; วัดบูรพาราม in the city (0001911), registered and bounded at 2 ngan 76 square wa by an instrument of 17 December B.E. 2544; วัดใต้เพิง (0001910), item 1 of the 1936 Ubon block and the one city temple from that list this run did not build; and วัดโพธิ์ศรีทุ่งใหญ่ or วัดบ้านขะโหมย at Khueang Nai (0001943), item 19 of the same 1936 list. Outside the temples: หอไตรหนองขุหลุ (0001983), ปราสาทหนองทองหลาง (0001969) — item 20 of the 1936 list, the province's other Khmer sanctuary — and the Pha Taem rock paintings (0001939), which are prehistoric rather than Buddhist and belong to a different kind of page. Two temples were researched here and NOT built because the state has nothing documentary to write from: วัดศรีอุบลรัตนาราม (0009579), which holds Phra Kaeo Butsarakham and is probably the most visited temple in the city, and วัดหนองป่าพง (0013746), the head monastery of the Ajahn Chah forest lineage and by some distance the most searched temple in this province in English. Both sit at register status 2, awaiting assessment, with no history text, no description and no gazette instrument. That is a source-chain problem rather than a research one, and Wat Nong Pa Pong at least has an official monastic source of its own that a later run should test.

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