
Foreign buyer checklist
Your own step-by-step list for buying in Thailand, from the first viewing to after transfer day.
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Foreign quota, freehold versus leasehold, transfer taxes, yield, which city, which developer, which visa. Each answer is taken from a sourced BAANLYY guide or tool. This page does not rewrite those guides.
Yes. A foreigner can own a Thai condominium freehold, in their own name, inside the building's 49% foreign quota — measured by saleable floor area, not unit count. Before you pay, get written confirmation that the building still has quota room for your unit; at resale the unit stays on the foreign side only if you sell to another foreigner.
Yes. A foreigner can own a Thai condominium freehold, in their own name, inside the building's 49% foreign quota — measured by saleable floor area, not unit count. The remaining 51% is reserved for Thai owners. A building can still have unsold units while its foreign side is already full, which is why 'units for sale' and 'foreign quota available' are different questions. At resale, selling to another foreigner keeps that floor area on the foreign side; selling to a Thai buyer returns it to the Thai 51%.
As of 2026-09-07. Sourced from พระราชบัญญัติอาคารชุด พ.ศ. ๒๕๒๒ (Condominium Act B.E. 2522), consolidated text with amendment footnotes and Department of Lands, Thailand.
Freehold in your own name is realistically a condominium inside the 49% quota. Leasehold is a registered right to use the property for a fixed term, capped at 30 years per registered lease. A Thai company can own land only if it is a genuine Thai-majority business — not a shell. BAANLYY is not a law firm.
Freehold means outright, perpetual title in your name — for a foreigner that is realistically a condominium unit inside the building's 49% foreign-ownership quota. Leasehold is a registered right to use the property for a fixed term, capped at 30 years per registered lease, while the underlying title stays with the owner. A Thai limited company can own land if it genuinely operates a lawful business and is majority-owned by real Thai shareholders; it must not be a shell created only to hold a foreigner's home, and nominee shareholders are illegal. BAANLYY is not a law firm. For a simple home, a condo or a registered lease is usually the cleaner route.
As of 2026-07-01. Sourced from Department of Lands, Thailand and Department of Business Development (DBD).
The standard Land Office transfer-registration fee baseline is 2% of the official appraised value; who pays it is negotiated, and a split is common but not automatic. Specific business tax is a combined 3.3% (generally seller-side) or, when that tax is not payable, stamp duty of 0.5%. Corporate-seller withholding is generally 1%; individual-seller withholding is a progressive Land Office calculation.
The standard ownership-transfer registration fee baseline is 2% of the official appraised value, negotiated in the sale contract; a split is common but not automatic. Specific business tax is 3.0% plus municipal tax equal to 10% of that tax, producing a combined 3.3%, generally calculated on the higher of official appraised value or declared consideration, and it is a seller-side tax liability although the contract may allocate the economic cost. Stamp duty is 0.5% and is ordinarily relevant when specific business tax is not payable — do not budget it as an automatic extra on top of specific business tax. Withholding tax for a corporate seller is generally 1% of the higher of those two values; for an individual seller the Land Office calculates it from the appraised value using the ownership period and a progressive method, so it is not a flat percentage you can read off the asking price. Confirm the rate with the responsible Land Office for the actual transfer date.
As of 2026-07-15. Sourced from Department of Lands, Thailand and The Revenue Department, Thailand.
BAANLYY does not publish an official rental-yield figure. The Bangkok condo market report cites a typical gross yield band of 4.5–6.0% as a portal and advisory estimate — not an official statistic — and the only fully official number in that report is REIC's foreign-transfer count. Use the cap-rate calculator with your own rent, price and costs.
BAANLYY does not publish an official rental-yield figure, and there is no REIC yield index cited on the site. The Bangkok Condo Market Report 2026 benchmarks typical gross yields at roughly 4.5–6.0% city-wide as a cross-checked portal and advisory estimate, with mid-ring transit-connected districts running higher and prime Sukhumvit lower, and it labels that band as an estimate rather than an official statistic. Net yield after fees, vacancy, tax and management is always meaningfully lower than gross. Model a specific unit: annual rent, minus running costs, divided by your all-in purchase price.
As of 2026-07-07. Sourced from National Statistical Office, Thailand.
The BAANLYY Area Score is a live 0–100 rating for every neighborhood across 80 Thai cities. Each area is rated 0–10 on nine equally weighted factors (transit, convenience, walkability, safety, nightlife, family-friendly, digital-nomad, investment, luxury); those ratings are averaged and multiplied by 10. It is an editorial comparison tool, not a valuation.
The BAANLYY Area Score is a live 0–100 rating for every neighborhood across 80 Thai cities. Each area is rated 0–10 on nine factors — transit, convenience, walkability, safety, nightlife, family-friendly, digital-nomad, investment and luxury — then those nine ratings are averaged into a single 0–10 figure and multiplied by 10. All nine factors carry equal weight; there is no hidden multiplier. The underlying data is BAANLYY's own area dataset, not a government statistic. Open a city's /scores page for the live ranking.
As of 2026-07-07. Sourced from National Statistical Office, Thailand.
Live Area Score pages — 80 cities.
Treat it like underwriting the company, not the condo: completed handovers, a visit to a finished building, EIA and construction permit, clean land title, and any history of delays or abandoned sites. BAANLYY's developer directory and rankings count the towers we map — a footprint measure, not a quality score. We do not stamp developers as confirmed.
Treat it like underwriting the company, not the condo. Check how many projects they have actually completed and handed over (not just launched), visit a finished building to judge real build quality and management, confirm the project has its Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) approval and construction permit, verify the developer owns or has secured the land and clean title, and look for any history of delays, lawsuits or abandoned sites. A long completion record is the best protection you can get. Engage a Thai lawyer to run company and title due diligence before you commit. The BAANLYY rankings simply count how many condominium towers each developer has profiled on the site — a transparent footprint measure, not a quality score or official sales ranking.
As of 2026-07-01. Sourced from Department of Lands, Thailand and Department of Business Development (DBD).
Buying property does not by itself grant a Thai visa. The routes people looking at property most often consider are the LTR (Board of Investment — some categories can count Thai property toward a qualifying investment), Thailand Privilege (a paid membership with no income, asset or age test), and the retirement visa for people aged 50 and over. Visa rules change; read the source pages and confirm with the authority that issues the visa.
Buying property does not by itself grant a Thai visa. The LTR is a 10-year visa run by the Board of Investment for wealthy global citizens, wealthy pensioners, work-from-Thailand professionals and highly-skilled professionals; BOI lists Thai property among the qualifying Thai investments for some categories. Thailand Privilege (formerly Thailand Elite) is a paid membership with a Privilege Entry visa and no income, asset or age test. The retirement visa (Non-O / O-A / O-X) is the classic route for people aged 50 or older and is built on a Thai-bank deposit or qualifying income, not on owning a home. The DTV is a 5-year multiple-entry visa for remote workers — useful for a long stay, not a property-ownership visa. Requirements vary by post and change often; confirm current terms on the official pages before you apply.
As of 2026-10-30. Sourced from Long-Term Resident (LTR) Visa — BOI, Immigration Bureau, Royal Thai Police, Thailand Board of Investment (BOI) and Thailand Privilege (official program site).
Each answer is the existing guide's own first paragraph. Open the page for the rest.
Under the Thai Condominium Act, foreigners (non-Thais) may collectively own no more than 49% of the total saleable floor area of any one condominium building. The remaining 51% must be held by Thai nationals or Thai-majority entities. The quota is measured per building by floor area, not by number of units — so a building can still have units for sale yet be 'full' on its foreign side. As long as a unit fits inside that 49%, a foreigner can own it freehold, in their own name, forever.
Yes. A condominium unit is the one type of Thai real estate a foreigner can own outright (freehold) in their personal name, provided the building is still within its 49% foreign quota. The owner gets a unit title deed (the blue 'Or Chor 2' book) registered at the Land Office. This is fundamentally different from land, houses and villas, which a foreigner cannot own freehold and must instead lease or hold through other structures.
Not automatically. The quota is tracked live per building. When you sell a foreign-freehold unit to another foreigner, your slice of the 49% transfers with the sale and stays foreign. But if you sell to a Thai buyer, that floor area returns to the Thai 51% side — which can make the building easier for the next Thai buyer and slightly tighter for the next foreigner. It's worth knowing your exit market: a popular building with strong foreign demand keeps foreign units liquid.
Freehold means you own the property outright and in perpetuity, with your name on the title — for foreigners this is realistically only possible on a condominium unit, and only within the building's 49% foreign-ownership quota. Leasehold means you hold a registered right to use the property for a fixed term, capped at 30 years per registered lease, while the underlying title stays with the owner (often a Thai national or company). On a condo you can usually choose either; on land, houses and villas a foreigner generally cannot own freehold at all, so leasehold is the standard route.
At transfer the typical government charges are: a 2% transfer fee on the appraised value; either specific business tax of 3.3% (if the seller has owned under 5 years) or stamp duty of 0.5% (if owned 5+ years); and withholding tax (1% for a company seller, or a progressive calculation for an individual). Who pays which is negotiable and must be written into the contract — a 50/50 split of the transfer fee is common. Budget separately for legal fees and, on new builds, a sinking-fund contribution and common-area fees. Use our purchase-cost calculator to estimate the all-in number.
Indirectly, and only if the company is genuine. A Thai limited company can own land, and a foreigner may hold up to 49% of its shares and act as a director — but the company must be Thai-majority (at least 51% Thai-held) and must be a real, operating business, not a shell created purely to park a house in a foreigner's hands. If the Thai shareholders are nominees holding shares on the foreigner's behalf so the foreigner effectively controls land they could not own directly, the structure is illegal under the Land Code. So the honest answer is: a legitimate company can own land; a company used as a workaround for the foreign-ownership ban cannot, and exposes everyone involved to serious risk.
The Foreign Exchange Transaction form (FET, formerly the Tor Tor 3) is the bank document proving your purchase money was brought into Thailand from abroad in foreign currency and converted to baht. The Land Office requires it to register foreign freehold ownership of a condo for purchases above a threshold amount. Practically: transfer the funds into Thailand in foreign currency, tell the bank the purpose is to buy a condominium, and ask them to issue the FET in the buyer's name. Don't convert to baht offshore first — that can break the requirement.
Ask the building's juristic person (condo management / 'niti') for the foreign-quota status in writing before you pay anything. They keep a register of how much of the 49% is already foreign-held. Your independent lawyer should confirm this at the Land Office during due diligence and make the reservation deposit refundable if the quota turns out to be full. Never rely on a seller's or agent's verbal assurance — quota space is the single most common deal-breaker for foreign buyers.
Last checked 7 September 2026
Primary and official sources are cited above. Government rules, fees and procedures in Thailand change over time and vary by office; always confirm current requirements with the relevant authority before relying on them. BAANLYY never takes paid placement in editorial content.
BAANLYY is a listing portal operated by BAANLYY LLC, is not a law firm or financial adviser, and nothing on the page is legal, tax or investment advice.
Model the purchase with your numbers, or walk the foreign-buyer checklist with a lawyer.
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Your own step-by-step list for buying in Thailand, from the first viewing to after transfer day.
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Will your condo purchase fit inside Thailand's 49% foreign-ownership quota?
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Transfer fee, SBT/stamp duty, withholding tax and agent commission, with buyer/seller split.
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