Property Education · Daily Life & Culture

Public holidays in Thailand: the full calendar and what actually closes.

Thailand's official holidays decide when banks and government offices shut, when alcohol can’t be sold, and when domestic travel surges. Here’s the complete national list, how the lunar Buddhist dates move each year, the substitution-day rule, what stays open, and how holidays ripple into visa appointments and bank transfers.

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By Kirby Scofield
Founder of BAANLYY · International real estate broker, investor & relocation specialist
Last updated 7 July 2026 · Last reviewed 7 July 2026

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Several Thai holidays follow the lunar calendar, so their exact dates move each year — always confirm the current official calendar. The four major Buddhist holy days carry a nationwide alcohol-sale ban, weekend holidays usually trigger a substitution day off, and Songkran (13–15 April) brings the heaviest travel and the widest closures of the year.

The calendar

Thailand’s official public holidays

New Year's Day
1 January · Fixed · national

Banks and government offices close; follows the busy New Year's Eve travel and countdown period.

Makha Bucha
Feb–Mar (lunar full moon) · Lunar · Buddhist

Major Buddhist holy day with candlelit temple processions. Nationwide alcohol-sale ban for the day; banks and offices close.

Chakri Memorial Day
6 April · Fixed · royal

Commemorates the founding of the Chakri dynasty. Banks and government offices close.

Songkran (Thai New Year)
13–15 April · Fixed · national

Thailand's biggest holiday and the heaviest domestic-travel week of the year. Multi-day, near-total shutdown of offices and banks; book transport and accommodation well ahead.

National Labour Day
1 May · Fixed · labour

Public holiday for the private sector and banks; many government offices stay open. Always confirm if you need a specific office.

Coronation Day
4 May · Fixed · royal

Marks HM King Vajiralongkorn's coronation. Banks and government offices close.

Visakha Bucha
May (lunar full moon) · Lunar · Buddhist

The holiest Buddhist day, marking the Buddha's birth, enlightenment and passing. Nationwide alcohol-sale ban; banks and offices close.

HM Queen Suthida's Birthday
3 June · Fixed · royal

Banks and government offices close.

Asanha Bucha
July (lunar full moon) · Lunar · Buddhist

Marks the Buddha's first sermon. Nationwide alcohol-sale ban; banks and offices close. Immediately followed by Khao Phansa.

Khao Phansa (Buddhist Lent begins)
July (day after Asanha Bucha) · Lunar · Buddhist

Start of the three-month rains retreat. Alcohol sales typically banned for the day; a government holiday (some private businesses stay open).

HM King Vajiralongkorn's Birthday
28 July · Fixed · royal

National holiday for the reigning King. Banks and government offices close.

HM Queen Mother Sirikit's Birthday / Mother's Day
12 August · Fixed · royal

Also observed as national Mother's Day. Banks and government offices close.

Passing of HM King Bhumibol (Memorial Day)
13 October · Fixed · royal

A solemn day of remembrance for the late King Rama IX. Banks and government offices close; a dignified, low-key public mood.

Chulalongkorn Day
23 October · Fixed · royal

Honours King Rama V. Banks and government offices close.

HM King Bhumibol's Birthday / National Day / Father's Day
5 December · Fixed · royal

The late King's birthday, also National Day and Father's Day. Banks and government offices close.

Constitution Day
10 December · Fixed · national

Marks Thailand's first constitution (1932). Banks and government offices close.

New Year's Eve
31 December · Fixed · national

Public holiday; heavy travel and busy nightlife and riverside countdowns leading into 1 January.

How the dates work

Fixed dates vs. the moving lunar days

Most royal and national holidays sit on fixed Gregorian dates you can plan around years ahead — New Year, Chakri Day (6 Apr), Songkran (13–15 Apr), Coronation Day (4 May), the royal birthdays, Chulalongkorn Day (23 Oct), the 5 December cluster and Constitution Day (10 Dec). The four big Buddhist holy days — Makha, Visakha and Asanha Bucha plus Khao Phansa — track the lunar calendar and land on full-moon days, so they drift across February–July depending on the year. When you map out a year, lock in the fixed dates first and confirm the lunar ones once the cabinet publishes the official calendar.

Alcohol & election days

When you can’t buy a drink

Alcohol sales are banned nationwide on the four major Buddhist holy days — Makha Bucha, Visakha Bucha, Asanha Bucha and Khao Phansa — covering shops, supermarkets, convenience stores, bars and restaurants. A similar ban applies around election days, usually from 6pm the day before voting until the polls close. These are separate from Thailand’s everyday legal selling hours (roughly 11am–2pm and 5pm–midnight). If a Buddhist holy day or election falls during your stay, stock up the day before. Our nightlife & alcohol guide covers the full rules.

Closures

What closes — and substitution days

On public holidays, bank branches and government offices close, while malls, supermarkets, 7-Elevens, restaurants and hospitals stay open. When a holiday falls on a Saturday or Sunday, Thailand grants a substitution (in-lieu) day off — usually the following Monday — for banks and government offices, so a weekend holiday often means a closed Monday too. The cabinet also occasionally declares extra special holidays to stitch together long weekends. The one period to treat differently is Songkran, when many smaller shops, local services and businesses close for several days as staff travel home to the provinces.

Admin impact

Visas, immigration & bank transfers

Immigration offices, the Revenue Department, the Land Office and embassies all follow the government holiday calendar, so 90-day reports, visa extensions, TM30 lodgements and in-person appointments can’t be processed on holidays — and the days immediately before and after a long weekend or Songkran see the longest queues of the year. Bank counters close on holidays and substitution days; banking apps keep running, but some interbank and international transfers only settle on business days, which can delay funds by a day or more. For anything tied to a deadline — a visa extension, a property payment, a transfer for a lease — build in a buffer so a holiday doesn’t push you past the line. See our guides on 90-day reporting and immigration offices.

Planning

Riding the long-weekend travel surges

Long weekends and the Songkran break send millions onto the roads, rails and domestic flights at once — fares spike, trains and buses sell out, and the highways to the provinces jam. If you want to travel during a holiday, book transport and accommodation weeks ahead; if you’d rather stay put, Bangkok and the big cities are noticeably quieter and easier to get around. Either way, sort out errands — banking, immigration, big shops — before the holiday window opens, not during it.

Living Summary

Thailand's Public Holidays \u2014 living summary

Editorial analysis compiled and periodically refreshed by BAANLYY’s research team — not a live data feed.

Analysis last reviewed 2026-07-06.

Growth Trajectory

How Thailand's Public Holiday Calendar Has Evolved

  1. 2018–2019
    Cabinet leans on ‘bridge’ special holidays
    The government increasingly uses one-off special holidays to bridge a single working day between a public holiday and a weekend, turning isolated days off into four- and five-day long weekends aimed at boosting domestic tourism spending.
  2. 2020
    Songkran postponed nationwide for COVID-19
    The 13–15 April Songkran holidays are officially postponed as the pandemic takes hold, with the government later designating replacement holiday days later in the year — the first time in decades the country's biggest holiday period is shifted off its traditional dates.
  3. 2021–2022
    Pandemic-era holiday and travel restrictions ease gradually
    As domestic travel curbs lift in stages, Songkran and other holiday periods return closer to normal, though some provinces keep water-festival celebrations scaled back into 2022 while banks and government offices resume standard holiday closures.
  4. December 2023
    Songkran inscribed on UNESCO's Intangible Cultural Heritage list
    UNESCO adds Songkran, Thailand's traditional New Year festival, to its Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity — a recognition the government leverages to promote an extended, multi-week 'Maha Songkran' celebration well beyond the three official holiday days.
  5. 2024–2026
    Extended festival tourism campaigns become the norm
    Building on the UNESCO listing, tourism authorities run monthlong Songkran promotions in major cities and continue the pattern of cabinet-approved bridge holidays around New Year and other long weekends, while the underlying public-holiday calendar, alcohol-ban rules and substitution-day mechanics stay unchanged.
FAQ

Frequently asked

How many public holidays does Thailand have?Thailand has roughly 16–17 official public holidays a year, plus occasional one-off special holidays the cabinet declares (often to create long weekends and boost domestic tourism). The exact count varies year to year because several Buddhist holy days move with the lunar calendar and because special bank or government holidays are added. Always check the current year's official calendar — and remember banks, the private sector and government offices don't observe an identical list.
Why do some holiday dates change every year?The major Buddhist holy days — Makha Bucha, Visakha Bucha, Asanha Bucha and Khao Phansa — follow the lunar calendar and fall on full-moon days, so their Gregorian dates shift each year. The royal and national holidays (New Year, Chakri Day, Songkran, Coronation Day, Chulalongkorn Day, the royal birthdays, Constitution Day) are on fixed dates. When you're planning months ahead, pencil in the fixed dates and confirm the lunar ones once the official calendar is published.
On which holidays is alcohol banned in Thailand?Alcohol sales are banned nationwide on the major Buddhist holy days — Makha Bucha, Visakha Bucha, Asanha Bucha and the start of Buddhist Lent (Khao Phansa) — and on election days (typically from 6pm the day before until the polls close). The ban covers shops, supermarkets, convenience stores, bars and restaurants, though some hotels serving in-house guests are treated differently. Dates of the Buddhist days move each year, so check the calendar. See our nightlife & alcohol guide for the everyday selling-hours rules too.
What is a 'substitution' or 'in-lieu' holiday?When a public holiday falls on a weekend, Thailand usually grants a substitution (in-lieu) holiday on the following working day — most often the next Monday — so the day off isn't lost. This mainly applies to banks and government offices. It's a common reason an office you expected to be open is closed, so when a holiday lands on a Saturday or Sunday, assume the next Monday may also be shut and confirm before you travel across town.
Do banks, malls and shops close on public holidays?Government offices and bank branches close on public holidays (and on substitution days). Shopping malls, supermarkets, convenience stores like 7-Eleven, restaurants, hospitals and most tourist services stay open — Thailand's retail and hospitality largely run through the holidays. The big exception is Songkran, when many smaller businesses, local shops and services close for several days as staff travel home.
How do public holidays affect visa, immigration and bank tasks?Immigration offices, the Revenue Department, Land Office and embassies follow the government holiday calendar, so 90-day reports, visa extensions, TM30 lodgements and in-person appointments can't be done on those days — and queues spike right before and after long weekends and Songkran. Bank counters close, and while apps keep working, some interbank and international transfers only settle on business days, so a holiday can delay funds by a day or more. Build a buffer around holidays for anything time-sensitive like a visa deadline.
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Holidays & festivalsAlcohol rules & nightlife90-day reportingImmigration officesThai etiquetteYour first 30 days

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General information only — not legal, tax or financial advice. Holiday dates (especially lunar Buddhist days), substitution days, alcohol-sale rules and office closures change each year and by locality — confirm the current official calendar and local rules before relying on them. Always be respectful regarding Thailand’s monarchy and religious observances. Hero image via Pexels.